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5. Such an outcome,if it happens,could cause a political controversy;or it could lead to more power being transferred to the EU in the worst possible circumstances,namely when the Union is deeply unpopular.

要點 這是個復合句。條件從句因為太短，置于主句的主謂之間，造成句子割裂，翻譯時應將從句提到句首。namely when the……unpopular是一個狀語從句，用來解釋the worst possible circumstances.the EU:the European Union,歐盟。

譯文 這種結果一旦產生，就可能引起政治上的爭吵;在最糟糕的情況下，即在歐盟很不得人心的時候，也可能使更多的權利落到歐盟手中。

6. That fact,let alone the current division between the 11 euro countries and the four,led by Britain,that have not joined,is likely to mean that the Union should become a multi-system entity,with some countries signing up to everything and others choosing only some things.

要點 句子的主干結構是That fact…… is likely to mean that……。with some countries signing up to everything and others choosing only some things是“with +復合結構”形式，表示伴隨狀態。短語let alone……not joined置于主謂之間，造成句子割裂，翻譯時應將其還原，放在最后。分詞短語led by Britain和定語從句that have not joined都修飾the four.euro：歐元。multi-：前綴，表示“多…的”，如mutilateral，多邊的：multiple，多個的。

譯文 這一事實可能意味著歐盟將成為一個多體系的實體，其中一些國家對每一件事都表示贊同，而另一些則不盡然;更不用說以英國為首的尚未加入歐洲統一貨幣體系的四國和已經 加入這一體系的十一個歐元國家之間目前已存在的分歧了。

7. This trend began during the Second World War,when several governments came to the conclusion that the specific demands that a government wants to make of its scientific establishment cannot generally be foreseen in detail.

要點 該句的主干結構是This trend began during the Second World War,when……。when引導定語從句，修飾the Second World War.that the specific……detail是conclusion的同位語從句，在該從句中，主語是 the specific demands of its scientific establishment,that a government wants to make是 demands的定語從句。該定語從句放在其先行詞 demands和of介詞短語之間，造成句子的割裂。翻譯時，可把被割裂的部分還原。

譯文 這種趨勢始于第二次世界大戰期間，當時一些國家的政府得出這樣的結論：政府要向科研機構提出的具體要求通常是無法詳盡預見的。

8. Observations were made of the children at the beginning and at the end of preschool and first grade.

要點 整個of短語作observations的定語，相當于Observations of the children at the beginning and at the end of preschool and first grade were made.因為定語太長，所以將其置于動詞之后，以避免句子頭重腳輕。這樣就造成了句子的割裂，翻譯時應將被割裂的部分還原。preschool：學前的。

譯文 人們對孩子們在學前班和小學一年級開始時和結束時的情況都曾進行過觀察。